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However, this is not entirely accurate, and alternate genomic evaluation methods such as Bayesian methods (i.e., BayesA, BayesB and BayesC; Meuwissen etal., 2001; Habier etal., 2011; Gianola, 2013), weighted GBLUP and ssGBLUP (WGBLUP and WssGBLUP, respectively; Snelling etal., 2011; Tiezzi and Maltecca, 2015), and trait-specific marker-derived relationship matrix (TABLUP; Zhang etal., 2010) have been developed to take a priori information such as the presence of major genes or QTL that affect the trait of interest into account. Zootec. J. Mar. & Tveiten, H. Early developmental stress affects subsequent gene expression response to an acute stress in Atlantic salmon: an approach for creating robust fish for aquaculture? Sci. (2015). Recent advances of genome mapping and marker-assisted selection in aquaculture. This typically involves splitting the training population into reference and validation data sets to test performance of the statistical models (Eggen, 2012). 78, 157160 (2013). 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QTL mapping for disease resistance has also been conducted in the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica for MSX and Dermo (Yu and Guo, 2006), the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis for Bonamiosis (Lallias etal., 2009), and the Atlantic salmon for salmonid alphavirus (Gonen etal., 2015), ISAv (Moen etal., 2007), and Gyrodactylus salaris parasitic disease (Gilbey etal., 2006; for review, see Yez etal., 2014). Effects of marker density and population structure on the genomic prediction accuracy for growth trait in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Yoshida, G. M., Carvalheiro, R., Rodrguez, F. H., Lhorente, J. P., and Yez, J. M. (2018). doi: 10.1631/jzus.B0820364, Pedersen, S., Berg, P. R., Culling, M., Danzmann, R. G., Glebe, B., Leadbeater, S., et al. (2017). Bioscience 55, 427437 (2005). Knutsen, T. M. Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) draft genome assembly. Sci. Other emerging aquaculture phenotyping techniques are near infra-red (NIR) spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging (HSI), which combines spectroscopy with imaging technology. Quantitative trait loci and genetic association analysis reveals insights into complex pearl quality traits in donor silver-lipped pearl oysters. Additionally, the estimation of breeding values (EBVs) for breeding candidates themselves often cannot be estimated for these traits based on individual phenotypes, but rather they are estimated based on phenotypic records and EBV of their siblings (termed sib selection).