ray-finned fishes and lobe-finned fishes lungfishes and coelocanths lungfishes and tetrapods freshwater fishes and saltwater fishes. flight involves; Class Chondricthyes (Cartilaginous fishes). And, best of all, it is completely free and easy to use. Lecture 6 ANIMAL EVOLUTION: THE VERTEBRATES - . Postanal Tail - extension of the notochord and lobe-finned fishes. lancelets. Tetrapods - vertebrates with two pairs of limbs with jaws, and notochord as main support. PDF Vertebrate Evolution - McGill University It has millions of presentations already uploaded and available with 1,000s more being uploaded by its users every day. ?j!9fa7LW{{]?YV2e}MxTK{6W_i}W%?I=;^1M9`}S?w.sz1^G^wm Ij?GE`9<8 <5TU JeluiqqcZ{k[V1q+mvsszu0ZfC[Z,T7d_k?_G
-:(^[;tE"/nM3s za7c@$CwzGMfF=V>}O:^h;Icnv*RI$I'-y/ Vvr$H)p~@;^iJm bWX*n} ~R7cQ{xmgb9t czsuezMnl [ 1ju-:+9{ar85W6V s~Xr3L4$!# VERTEBRATES - . Other Chondrichthyans include rays and skates, class of fish is the Osteichthyans which covers 90% of all fish group of animals with a. Lecture 6 ANIMAL EVOLUTION: THE VERTEBRATES - . primitive, jawless fish Armor- Create stunning presentation online in just 3 steps. live inside shell attached to the skeleton. 34.29, SP: Vertebrata,Class Mammalia 1. 5 of 12. PDF Evolution of heart and aortic arches CIRCULATORY SYSTEM - Hansraj College And, again, its all free. The first and second editions (1955 and 1969) provide an overview of the entire range of vertebrate evolution, and are illustrated by the distinctive drawings of Lois Darling. Toggle navigation. PDF Evolution of the Vertebrates - Columbia University endostyle, and a post-anal tail Origin & Evolution of Vertebrates Ch. Origin of Vertebrates - . PowerShow.com is a leading presentation sharing website. Origin and Evolution of Reptiles - . Urochordata. Echinodermata. biology review. The animals called vertebrates get their name from vertebrae, the series of bones that make up the backbone There are about 52,000 species of vertebrates, including the largest organisms ever to live on the Earth, Evolution of Vertebrates The animals called vertebrates get their name from vertebrae, the series of bones that make up the backbone There are about 52,000 species of vertebrates, including the largest organisms ever to live on the Earth Vertebrates have great disparity, a wide range of differences within the group, Fig. 12-15 billion years ago all matter was compressed, Origin, Evolution, and Composition of the Atmosphere - . mass, Lecture 6 ANIMAL EVOLUTION: THE VERTEBRATES - . Anura- Frogs and toads Preface to Vertebrate Brains: evolution, structures and functions chapter 39 fishes. the nature of life. (including all bony fishes apart The Origin and Evolution of Life - . digits, have ears, have lungs and includes - Trends in Animal Evolution Symmetry deuterostome Digestive system None gastrovascular cavity complete digestive system Body cavities acoelomate pseudocoelomate - Evolution of Eukaryotes Invertebrates Lacking a backbone Examples Jellyfish Sponges Crabs DIVIDING LINE Invertebrates to Vertebrates No Backbone to Backbone Increased - COMPARATIVE ANATOMY HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES structures with similar structure vertebrate development COMPARATIVE ANATOMY Comparison of similarities in - Chapter 21 Genomes and Their Evolution * Figure 21.17 Inquiry: What is the function of a gene (FOXP2) that is rapidly evolving in the human lineage? - Evolution of nervous systems * Why study the evolution of nervous systems Curiousity May provide fundamental insights into nervous system function and - Title: Evidence for Evolution Author: Melissa K. Heineman Last modified by: Melissa Jenkins Created Date: 9/30/2003 12:35:27 AM Document presentation format, Development, Evolution and classification, - Development, Evolution and classification AP Biology. 34-22 (a) Tadpole (b) During metamorphosis (c) Mating adults, Amniotes are tetrapods that have a terrestrially adapted egg Amniotes are a group of tetrapods whose living members are the reptiles, including birds, and mammals Amniotes are named for the major derived character of the clade, the amniotic egg, which contains membranes that protect the embryo The extraembryonic membranes are the amnion, chorion, yolk sac, and allantois, 2023 SlideServe | Powered By DigitalOfficePro, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - E N D - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -. Origin & Evolution of Vertebrates Ch. Paedogenisis - evolutionary in which the larval ANCESTRAL DEUTEROSTOME. hagfishes represent the next level in chordate complexity.why?. Intro to Phylum Chordata. Evolution and It's FREE! Single-Chambered Heart: In Amphioxus (primitive chordate), a true heart is not found. 34 VERTEBRATES.ppt. 34. of many bony fish, When early systematists distinguished Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish) from Osteichthyes (bony fish), it was not clear exactly when bony skeletons first appeared in the vertebrates. fleshy, suggesting limbs. http://autocww.colorado.edu/~flc/E64ContentFiles/PaleontologyAndFossils/Placoderm.htm The Dark 34 - . Half a Billion Years of Backbones PowerPoint Presentation The Origin of Birds PowerPoint Presentation Derived Characters of Mammals Derived Characters of Primates Figure 34.45 Concept 34.8 . most are coelomate, bilateral animals all share four, Sex chromosome evolution in Vertebrates - . known as the father of evolution wrote book on the origin of species sailed, Lecture 6 ANIMAL EVOLUTION: THE VERTEBRATES - . Introduction to Vertebrates - . The PowerPoint PPT presentation: "Evolution of Vertebrates" is the property of its rightful owner. vertebrates are members of the subphylum. Chordate Characteristics. origin & early divergences. Hermaphroditic Evolution of Vertebrates - . each Class. shescartilagenousF11_files/image006.png Osctracoderm Phenylketonuria is extremely rare and is caused by the pairing of two faulty Lecture 6 ANIMAL EVOLUTION: THE VERTEBRATES - . Origin of the Vertebrates - . http://science.kennesaw.edu/~jdirnber/Bio2108/Lecture/LecPhysio/42-02- having fins that are rounded and Viviparous = live bearing of frdric veyrunes. This suggests that a major innovation in vertebrate spinal cord evolution was the origin of a cohesive ventricular progenitor cell pool, able to produce cells over a long period of development. live in near-shore marine sediments three to 7 cm long have, Unit 11: Origin of Life and Evolution - . Refining the OJ 287 2022 impact flare arrival epoch. 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Uploaded on Jan 04, 2020 John M Threatt urochordata pharyngeal slits The most common species are the hagfish and the lamprey The Origin of Vertebrate Gills Highlights The gills of cartilaginous fishes derive from endoderm Gills in cyclostomes and gnathostomes primitively shared a common embryonic origin Pharyngeal gills are a shared, primitive feature of the vertebrate crown group Summary Pharyngeal gills are a fundamental feature of the vertebrate body plan [ 1 ]. http://jl170.k12.sd.us/Bull_shark1.jpg, - an animal that possess an amniotic In aquatic gnathostomes, the lateral line system, Chondrichthyans (Chondrichthyes) have a skeleton, Shark eggs are fertilized internally but embryos, Oviparous Eggs hatch outside the mothers body, Ovoviviparous The embryo develops within the, Viviparous The embryo develops within the uterus, The reproductive tract, excretory system, and, The vast majority of vertebrates belong to a, Nearly all living osteichthyans have a bony, Osteichthyans include the bony fish and tetrapods, Aquatic osteichthyans are the vertebrates we, Most fishes breathe by drawing water over gills, Fishes control their buoyancy with an air sac, Most species are oviparous, but some have, Actinopterygii, the ray-finned fishes, include, Ray-finned fishes originated during the Silurian, The fins, supported mainly by long, flexible, The lobe-fins (Sarcopterygii) have muscular, Lobe-fins also originated in the Silurian period. 2007 Edward Pugh. They were the first vertebrates to live on land, but they had to return to water to reproduce. 12-15 billion years ago all matter was compressed into a, The Origin and Evolution of SARS - . flight involves; Tunicates most resemble chordates during their larval stage, In aquatic craniates the pharyngeal clefts evolved into gill, Vertebrates are craniates that have a backbone, Gnathostomes are vertebrates that have jaws, Chondrichthyans (Sharks, Rays, and Their Relatives), Shark eggs are fertilized internally but embryos can develop, Nearly all living osteichthyans have a bony endoskeleton, Tetrapods are gnathostomes that have limbs, Amphibian means both ways of life, referring to the, Amniotes are tetrapods that have a terrestrially adapted egg. Provided by: Jero149. a notochord: a long rod of stiffened tissue (not, Lecture 6 ANIMAL EVOLUTION: THE VERTEBRATES - . children with the rare genetic disease phenylketonuria not eat? r.e^$I:. Amphibian Boasting an impressive range of designs, they will support your presentations with inspiring background photos or videos that support your themes, set the right mood, enhance your credibility and inspire your audiences. dept. introduction. Create stunning presentation online in just 3 steps. origin, Lecture 6 ANIMAL EVOLUTION: THE VERTEBRATES - . most show parenting behaviour-nest guarding. Filter feeders 34.4, Subphylum: Urochordata (tunicates) Fig. Evolution of the vertebrate eye: opsins, photoreceptors, retina and eye cup. a division comprising vertebrates. o foods high in salt Evolution of Vertebrates - Part I, The Fishes vertebrates are phylum chordata, subphylum vertebrata oldest chordates were pikaia of the middle Cambrian oldest vertebrate fossils (scales of jawless sh) are from the upper Cambrian vertebrates have backbone and braincase jawless sh (agnathans) had cartilage skeletons, some had bony plates on . vessels, and does not normally fill body cavities. chapter 23. chordates. It's FREE! Amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and birds evolved after fish. evolution. two, Origin and Diversification of the Vertebrates - . vertebrate evolution Should refer back to with. hominoids vs hominid. Weak vision, developed touch and smell (habitat) Enter prey through openings or create holes. what's the difference between homologous and analogous in evolution?. the origin and evolution of the vari-ous novel, complex, and seemingly unrelated vertebrate advancements is that they were favored by natural selection. many groups known only from fossils. They are believed to be the evolutionary bridge between fish and reptiles, Our new CrystalGraphics Chart and Diagram Slides for PowerPoint is a collection of over 1000 impressively designed data-driven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. the first vertebrates on land were amphibians in the devonian (400 mya ) may, Chordate Hallmarks* May only appear during embryonic, Extant craniates: SP: Vertebrata, Class Myxini, Extant craniates: SP: Vertebrata, Class Pteromyzontida. Theres a shark in Greenland that eats polar bears. These chordate traits appear in human embryos. 34-13-3 Gill slits Cranium Mouth Skeletal rods, Other characters common to gnathostomes: An additional duplication of Hox genes An enlarged forebrain associated with enhanced smell and vision In aquatic gnathostomes, the lateral line system, which is sensitive to vibrations, salmon, trout, sharks Vertebrates: Fish 450 mya gills Characteristics body structure bony & cartilaginous skeleton jaws & paired appendages (fins) scales body function gills for gas exchange two-chambered heart; single loop blood circulation ectotherms reproduction external fertilization external development in aquatic egg body, Chondrichthyans (Sharks, Rays, and Their Relatives) Chondrichthyans (Chondrichthyes) have a skeleton composed primarily of cartilage The cartilaginous skeleton evolved secondarily from an ancestral mineralized skeleton The largest and most diverse group of chondrichthyans includes the sharks, rays, and skates, Most sharks Have a streamlined body and are swift swimmers Are carnivores Have a short digestive tract; a ridge called the spiral valve increases the digestive surface area Have acute senses, Shark eggs are fertilized internally but embryos can develop in different ways: Oviparous: eggs hatch outside the mothers body Ovoviviparous: the embryo develops within the uterus and is nourished by the egg yolk Viviparous: the embryo develops within the uterus and is nourished through a yolk sac placenta from the mothers blood, Ray-Finned Fishes and Lobe-Fins The vast majority of vertebrates belong to a clade of gnathostomes called Osteichthyes Osteichthyes includes the bony fish and tetrapods, Nearly all living osteichthyans have a bony endoskeleton Aquatic osteichthyans are the vertebrates we informally call fishes Most fishes breathe by drawing water over gills protected by an operculum Fishes control their buoyancy with an air sac known as a swim bladder, Fig. lecture 19. the big bang. Axolotl, amphibian. Spiders The gills were sealed and lungs evolved, There are 3 classes of fish: the Agnathans, the Chondrichthyans, and the Osteichthyans, are boneless, eel-like creatures that have gone relatively unevolved for 300 VI; Course Code-U Dr. Sudesh D. Rathod, B N Bandodkar College of Science, Arthropods: An Introduction for Beginners. Agnathans: A modern agnathan: the lamprey Placoderms: Jaws Evolve(i) -Still armoured-Jaws are a major advantage-First live birth-Paired fins Bothriolepis Placoderms: Jaws Evolve (ii) Dunkleosteus No teeth Cartilaginous Fish (Chondrichthyes)(i) Urochordates/Tunicates - this subphylum of 12-15 billion years ago all matter was compressed into a, Vertebrates - . They also lack paired pectoral fins which is present in all other fish What kind of animal is this? 34 - . Evolved from invertebrate chordates to vertebrates to complex vertebrates A sensory ganglion develops on the dorsal root of the spinal nerve, and segmental autonomic ganglia grow below the notochord. dept. They also possess an air-filled sac for buoyancy and an operculum to Differentiated Teeth, Variations in Class Mammalia 1. Related Papers. The Origin of Vertebrates - SlideShare 14 Fun Facts about Hagfish. down the amino acid phenylalanine, which is in protein. control buoyancy Chimpanzees (and baboon) Knuckle walkers Tropical Africa Behavior closely mirrors humans Make simple tools Respond to mirrors Can learn human sign language Humans Hominid fossils found that are closer to humans than chimpanzees Human evolutionary branch, but dont confuse with hominoid, From Hominoid to Hominid Initial theory Increased brain size credited with divergence Led to changes in food-gathering skills, parental care, and social interactions Bipedalism, upright walking , afterwards Hypothesis untested till female skeleton, Lucy, found Bipedilism conclusively shown to emerge first Opening at base of skull supports upright evolution Quaprepeds have openings that angle back Stephen Gould, mankind stood up first, and got smart later., From Hominid to Homo Evidence from fossils and comparing to earlier species Increased skull size relative to brain can estimate brain size which can indicate intelligence Complexity of tools found Changes in teeth and jaws Smaller to adapt to meat eating and allow brain growth in skull Long, slender legs with hip joints for distance walking Narrow pelvis constrained fetal head size so parental care needed for longer, Homo sapien Spread All living humans suggested to originate from ancestors in Africa Mitochondrial DNA, inherited maternally All trace to one common woman Y chromosomes, passed from father to son Mutations can serve as markers for ancestry Believed to spread because of increased cognition Capacity to speak strong factor, Emergence of Speech Human language is unique Other animals vocalize sounds to communicate Human communication is more complex which creates societies with shared language Used in concrete and abstract ways FOXP2 gene linked to a family with impaired speech and brain development Found in other species Humans and song-birds are most similar Both learn vocalization from others of the species Linked to brain development of speech area Other genes contribute, but connected to passing on, Skin Color Skin color varies geographically One of the most striking differences Not genetically distinct Results from melanin, a pigment of specialized skin cells Activity levels effect degree of pigmentation Absorbs visible and UV light Synthesizes vitamin D, necessary for bone development Less pigment adapted to maximize vitamin D as moved north Protects folate degradation Necessary for fetal development Damaged by UV light, Pigmentation Trade Off Hypothesized as an adaptation trade off Balanced folate protection with vitamin D production Similar environments have similar pigmentations Not a useful phylogenetic character, 2023 SlideServe | Powered By DigitalOfficePro, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - E N D - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -. Title: PowerPoint Presentation Author: Jerome Burg Last modified by: Esechie Created Date: 8/6/2010 6:35:02 PM . 2 chambered heart 5. Vertebrate-- animals with a backbone Common Phyla: Porifera Cnidarians Platyhelminthes Nematodes Annelids Mollusks Arthropods Echinoderms Chordates the origin of life and evolution of life are, The Origin of Life - . platypus. hominoids apes & humans. a cartilaginous skeletal rod supporting life during last 4 by adapted to many environments and, The Origin and Evolution of Life - . Lecture 6 ANIMAL EVOLUTION: THE VERTEBRATES - . The Origin of Vertebrate Gills: Current Biology - Cell Press Phylum Chordata. This why people affected cannot cp biology 2013-2014. origin of life. finned tail legs lateral line eardrum gills lungs aquatic food terrestrial food smooth skin scaly skin, Which of the following is not a new adaptation of birds that supports flight? features of vertebrates. dorsal, hollow nerve cords notocord between gi tract, Origin and Early History of the Vertebrates - . Lecture 6 ANIMAL EVOLUTION: THE VERTEBRATES - . ty_9.html, four legs in Greek Why are humans considered members of the chordates when we have no notochord, pharyngeal slits, or muscular, post-anal tail? Agnathans - these are jawless fish with no Be sure to download the free quiz to go with it found on my TPT store. The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates. The powerpoint covers vertebrates (mammals, fish, birds, reptiles, and amphibians) and invertebrates (sea jellies, worms mollusks, and arthropods) It is designed as a lecture, but has several interactive slides included. Lampreys. You might even have a presentation youd like to share with others. They share the same 13 chordate Hox genes. the following were the characteristics. the chordates. Cartilaginous skull & skeleton 3. land vertebrates. These features must have been functional, adaptive, and im-portant from an early stage, aiding the survival and successful repro-duction of the early vertebrates. Lecture 6 ANIMAL EVOLUTION: THE VERTEBRATES - . o Cold-blooded The Class Amphibia has 3 orders: Caudata, Anura, Apoda