when was fort mifflin built

British naval bombardment of Fort Island, reportedly the heaviest cannon fire of the Revolutionary War, reduced the Mud Fort (Fort Mifflin) to rubble. Fort Mercer - Wikipedia Members of New Sweden continued to criticize Printz's actions, and he resigned from his governorship in 1653. P.W. Camp Philadelphia (1862), located north of Market Street in the western section of downtown. A new compound was completed by the Army in 1806 with four buildings on eight acres. Camp Gaines | Fort DuPont retained a National Guard armory. Atwood's Wharf Battery | Fort Beversreede Fort Mifflin On The Delaware | AMERICAN HERITAGE (Author information current at time of publication.). #16 (aka Middle Battery (2)), located on Carpenter's Island 600 yards from Fort Mifflin. The 1875 Surgeon General's report on hygiene noted that although the post had quarters for "one company of artillery," the facility was "in charge of an ordnance-sergeant." On July 5, 1776, the Continental Congress purchased a site for a fort in Billingsport (Paulsboro), New Jersey. An eight-gun Water Battery was also built. Rumored construction of a huge Confederate Navy ironclad warship particularly disturbed the region, and Fort Delaware needed to mount heavy smoothbore guns and floating mines to stop enemy ironclads from attacking Philadelphia. The federal government hired civil engineer Major Pierre Charles LEnfant (1754-1825) to redesign Fort Mifflin and military engineer Anne-Louis de Tousard (1749-1817) to build the bastion. Fort Mifflin answered every call to service: garrisoned for the War of 1812, a federal prison during the Civil War and a munitions depot in the 20th century. Although the Inspector General's 1872 report on Army posts noted that both forts were about to undergo extensive renovation, neither was ever armed or garrisoned as planned. (Surfsupusa/Wikimedia Commons) . Fort Mifflin | TCLF Fort Taylor now stands on Key West. Along this trail were remnants of a series of batteries that were built directly to Fort Mifflin's southwest in the 1870's, today just overgrown bits of brick, concrete and timber. In 1780, believing the fort vulnerable to attack by American forces during the Revolutionary War, the British garrison moved to Mackinac Island. Four 90mm AA guns were positioned at each site, with troop barracks and other support buildings. Follow The Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia on Instagram ofGreaterPhiladelphia. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998. Fort Mifflin was used as a military prison during the Civil War. The fort was built on a twelve-acre site on House Island at the mouth of Portland's harbor. Chandler Field The fort is no longer an active military installation, although it figured prominently in the early history of the area. At the end of the Civil War in 1865, the War Department issued General Orders No. The state of Delaware assumed responsibility for the fort in 1944 and now maintains it as a tourist attraction. : University of Delaware Press, 2008. Older, obsolete forts gained new purposes as sites for anti-aircraft batteries, including Fort Mifflin, manned by the first African American Coast Artillery unit. A Barra Foundation Book. Memorial at Governor Printz Park. A Pirate Day event, pictured here on August 16, 2014, revolved around a staged confrontation between British soldiers stationed at the fort and a band of pirates. This aerial view of Fort Delaware from 1944 shows the fort before it was decommissioned after World War II and given to the state of Delaware in 1947. Plans at that time apparently called for Fort Scammel to contain seventy-one guns and Fort Gorges ninety-five. The fort was built on a twelve-acre site on House Island at the mouth of Portland's harbor. Located on the Delaware River just west of the present-day Philadelphia International Airport, and just south of the town's central business district, within Tinicum Township of Delaware County, adjacent to the 1799 Lazaretto quarantine hospital, which has been restored as the Township's Town Hall and Museum (at 99 Wanamaker Ave.). The last decades of the nineteenth century became the golden age of American coastal fort building as the United States entered into imperial rivalries with Germany, Russia, England, France, Japan, and particularly Spain, which seemed a threat to American interests in Cuba and the Philippine Islands. Located at 2100 Schultz Road. Camp Anthony Wayne (3) #20 (aka Emplacement of the Guards), located on Carpenter's Island. As originally conceived and built in 1772 by an experienced British military engineer, John Montrcssor, Fort Mifflin was essentially a water battery built on Mud Island, with its main wall along the A PA state militia camp, originally known as Camp Marcus Hook. It was named for Alexander Scammel, the . The History - Fort Mifflin on the Delaware The Swedes had built a 30-by-20-foot stockade (aka Printz Stockade) in the immediate vicinity of the Dutch fort in 1648 to intimidate them. 6400 Hog Island Rd Philadelphia, PA 19153 Get directions Ask the Community Ask a question Yelp users haven't asked any questions yet about Fort Mifflin. When Lieutenant Colonel Johan Bjornson Printz (1592-1663), a veteran of the Thirty Years War (1618-48), became governor of New Sweden in 1643 he further fortified the colony with Fort Nya Elfsborg (Elsinboro, Salem County, New Jersey) and Fort New Gothenburg (Tinicum Island, Pennsylvania) upriver on the west bank a mile south of Fort Nassau. Philadelphia Civil War Camps and Forts Fort Wicaco (1) Colored Troops recruitment camp located in La Mott, the largest of only eighteen such U.S.C.T. Fort Mifflin, located on "Mud Island" in the Delaware River just south of Philadelphia, is a historic landmark that attracts thousands of school groups, history buffs, and curious tourists each year. A Swedish settlers' log blockhouse located below Society Hill. Southwest Pennsylvania - page 6 | Northwest Pennsylvania - page 7 Invasion and Insurrection: Security, Defense, and War in the Delaware Valley, 1621-1815. Fort Mifflin | Military Wiki | Fandom and Pennsylvania Ave.. Blacksmith Shop - Fort Mifflin - PocketSights It was abandoned after Swedish settlers vandalized the fort several times. Another two-gun AA battery emplacement (3-inch) was also built at the Cities Services Oil Company (CITGO) property on Petty (Petty's) Island in Camden, NJ, but no guns were ever mounted there either. #12, undetermined Lewis, Emanuel Raymond. Fort Penn (2) The title of the painting places the fort in New Mexico, and during the fort's active service it was in New Mexico Territory. Later converted to other uses, the complex was torn down in 1880. The Siege of Fort Mifflin - US History The British started building the first works, known locally as Mud Fort, in 1771. Fort Mifflin was garrisoned during the Civil War, and Eastman was in command when the war ended. The Union Prison at Fort Delaware: A Perfect Hell on Earth. Philadelphia Powder Magazine | Renamed Philadelphia Quartermaster Depot in 1921. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press for Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania, 1985. The fort was designed to mount 252 guns, and eventually 131 were installed. Named for Governor Jonathan Trumbull, the first Fort Trumbull, completed in 1777, was apparently a primitive affair designed solely to cover the river. Although the Inspector General reported in 1872 that the post was "generally very healthy," in 1870 the Surgeon General had portrayed the area surrounding Fort Rice as being "generally sterile, and sparsely timbered and watered. This light-house stands on a pier . Swarthmore (1952 - 1954): undetermined (PH-03). Fort Washington (2) | The most comprehensive, authoritative reference source ever created for the Philadelphia region. No trace remains of the 1777 British seige batteries and outworks. The massive earth and timber battery originally had 27 guns, and then 50 guns by 1750. Shortly after, a cannon was brought up and shots rang out. At the time Eastman painted the fort, its reservation encompassed a little over two square miles, and it had a garrison of about forty enlisted men and four officers. Drought is one of the chief difficulties, but not the only one--for what the drought spares, the grasshoppers are apt to devour." Fort Muhlenberg | Gulph Mills Camp | Numbered redoubts were (based on period street names and alignments): Work on the fort was completed about the time the Civil War ended, but it played no role in that conflict. It was named for Sir Ferdinando Gorges, the seventeenth century British Lord Palatinate of the Province of Maine. when the British built more batteries and started cutting the fuses on their exploding projectiles and favoring the use of solid shot to level Mifflin's . Camp Stanton | (1814), Trainer Fort Vasa When the Civil War began in 1861 the post was ready to be garrisoned, and Union forces occupied it during the entire war. Baker These re-enactors demonstrate for the public some of the life of soldiers stationed at Fort Mifflin in days gone by. In 1761 the British occupied that fort during the French and Indian War, but they abandoned it in 1763 after an Indian attack caught the garrison by surprise. The pier in this case has been repaired, the light-house built and put into operation, for the sum of $4,868. The Siege of Fort Mifflin. In the mid-1640s, the colony of New Sweden was almost evicted by the Lenapes because of the colonists lack of trade goods and the mismanagement of the colony by their governor, Johan Printz. A Dutch palisaded log fort located along the eastern side of the Schuylkill River in the Passyunk section of town, at the bend of the river above the Penrose Ave. Bridge. Camp Banks | At the foot of Society Hill, on the old Penn Street (present-day I-95) between Pine and Lombard Streets, was the 13-gun Battery at (Anthony) Atwood's Wharf (1748), another "Associator" defense work. Monmouth Beach, N.J.: Philip Frenau Press, 1970. During the Civil War it saw use primarily as a prison for Confederate soldiers. Washington: Duff Green, 1834. No guns were ever mounted, as the threat receded after the Battle of Gettysburg (July 1863). Frankford Arsenal | The United States Army began to rebuild the fort in 1794 and continued to garrison and build on the site through the 19th century. . Mud Island Fort | Show your pride in battlefield preservation by shopping in our store. It suggested as well the increasing obsolescence of the Greater Philadelphia regions historic forts. The facility was closed in 1999 when the DSCP relocated and merged with the Defense Industrial Supply Center at the former Naval Aviation Supply Depot in North Philadelphia. There are no remains or markers at the Church Road site. The United States Army began to rebuild the fort in 1794 and continued to garrison and build on the site through the 19th century. Captain John Montresor was a military engineer for the British when he was assigned in 1771 to design fortifications for Mud Island to protect Philadelphia and ports farther north on the Delaware River. Camp Camac Woods | A nine-gun exterior battery (aka High Battery) was built in 1871 - 1876, probably armed in the 1880's. #15 (aka Right Battery), (two guns) located on Carpenter's Island. After the Confederate capture of Fort Sumter in the Charleston, South Carolina, harbor in 1861, the U.S. and Pennsylvania governments demanded the arming of Fort Delaware. Camp Hestonville (1861), located at Girard and Lancaster Aves., present-day Durham Park. The British government, overtaxed by continual warfare against the French in Europe, the Caribbean, Atlantic Ocean, and North America, expected the Pennsylvania Assembly to bear the burden of arming the Delaware Valley, particularly fortifying the Delaware River approaches to Philadelphia. British works covering the land approches to Fort Mifflin were: Without major threats to control over the region and naval supremacy in the bay and nearby Atlantic coast, the British decided not to garrison fortifications on the Delaware. The federal government began to build a great ten-gun battery on the Delaware City riverfront (Fort DuPont) to protect Pea Patch Island. The United States Army began to rebuild the fort in 1794 and continued to garrison and build on the site through the 19th century. During the American Revolutionary War, the British Army bombarded and captured the fort as part of their conquest of Philadelphia in autumn 1777. A four-gun log fort on Tinicum Island built by the Swedes after Fort Elfsborg in Salem, NJ. Smith, Samuel Stelle. The National Historic Landmark, Fort Mifflin was built in 1776 and played an important role in the British conquest of Philadelphia in 1777. (Fort Washington State Park) The Swedish governor built his mansion (Printz Hall) here in 1645, and the complex was the capital of New Sweden until 1655. #2, located west of North Second and Noble Streets. A temporary Patriot camp on the route from Whitemarsh to Valley Forge. Originally called Fort Island Battery, and also known as Mud Island Fort until construction was hastily finished in 1777 by Patriot forces. The closest either fort came to active service was in World War I when Fort Gorges was used as a storage site for torpedo mines. Fort Washington (1) The post was abandoned and reoccupied several times during the nineteenth century. Fortifying the lower Delaware and Philadelphia became more urgent during the French and Indian War, 1754-63, particularly after the British were driven from Fort Duquesne in western Pennsylvania and moved eastward toward Philadelphia. Site was destroyed during dredging operations about 1840. Camp Patterson | Located at South 26th Street and Grays Ferry Ave., and Peltz Street and Washington Ave.. See also PA state marker || Flag Making at the Philadelphia QM Depot from the U.S. Army Quartermaster Foundation (Pennypacker Mills Historic Site) Philadelphia, PA | Sep 26 - Nov 16, 1777 With their victory at the Battle of Brandywine Creek on September 11, 1777, British forces under the command of General William Howe occupied the American capital of Philadelphia, forcing Congress to flee and further lower American morale. Philadelphia belonged to the British and General Howe. No guns were ever mounted. The Eastman Forts - U.S. Army Center of Military History While the Patriot capital had fallen into enemy hands, Continental strongholds still surrounded the city, preventing British supply ships from reaching port. Beth Beatty, who became executive director in 2010, views the fort as a veteran who has served and sacrificed for the country over an extended period of time. Marple (1952 - 1954): undetermined (PH-73). Whitemarsh Encampment Both fortifications served as centers for fur trading, and Fort Christina also developed as an agricultural settlement. The Dutch West India Company naturally responded to New Swedens threat to New Netherlands commercial monopoly on the South River by strengthening Fort Nassau, building a number of small, fortified trading posts across the river, and erecting Fort Casimir where the river met the Delaware Bay (later the site of New Castle, Delaware). As the federal government moved to modernize and strengthen American seacoast defenses, the Philadelphia region gained additional fortification in 1896 with construction of a battery on Finns Point, Pennsville, Salem County, New Jersey. Annapolis: U.S. See also Harbor Defenses of the Delaware River on NEW JERSEY page 2, Fort Gaines were built inside the old fort during WWII (undetermined if guns actually emplaced). Fort DuPont built more barracks, a hospital, and warehouses to train and equip draftees and house troops and material destined to fight in the Great War. A Swedish mill protected by two blockhouses, located on the west side of the Schuylkill River, at a place the Indians called Kingsessing, a short distance north of Fort New Korsholm. between Pennsylvania Ave. and Hamilton Street. Fort Mifflin was garrisoned during the Civil War, and Eastman was in command when the war ended. Camp Bloomfield As the Army reduced its force structure at the end of the war, the post's garrison grew considerably smaller. Fort New Gottenburg | Camp Marcus Hook | The new post built on the height was named Fort Tompkins, after Governor Daniel D. Tompkins of New York. on the western side of the river, covering the west road to Marshall. During King Georges War (1740-48), Franklin used the sale of lottery tickets to fund the construction in 1747-48 of the Grand (Association) Battery, a great twenty-seven-gun stone wall along the south Philadelphia (Southwark) riverfront, and a smaller Society Hill Battery just upriver. Gulph Mills Encampment During the American Revolutionary War, the British Army bombarded and captured the fort as part of their conquest of Philadelphia in autumn 1777. Camp McClellan (1861 - 1862), located in the Nicetown area below Germantown. See also Sparks Shot Tower from US History.org || From Musket Balls to Basketballs from Philly History.org. The historic St. George's United Methodist Church was built nearby (at 235 North Fourth Street) in 1769. Philadelphia Defenses of the American Revolution Board of Directors Undetermined site, possibly refers to one of the redoubts along the line of entrenchments north of present-day downtown. According to the 1870 Surgeon General's report on Fort Delaware, the prisoners of war "were confined in wooden barracks outside the fort," and "the greatest number imprisoned here at one time was about 12,000." Philadelphia Barracks During the Revolutionary War, Fort Mifflin was the site of a siege, which ended with the British controlling the fortifications. Sign up for our quarterly email series highlighting the environmental benefits of battlefield preservation. With the end of the War of 1812, however, Fort Mackinac finally became permanent U.S. property in 1815. Camp Stanton (1863), located west of North Broad Street near Girard College. Although they ceded that fort to the United States in 1795, British forces captured it in 1812. The regained Dutch influence on the Delaware River was short-lived. Fort Mifflin was built by the British in 1771 to strengthen the colony's control over the Delaware River. Fort Mifflin Lighthouse, Pennsylvania at Lighthousefriends.com Near here at the mouth of Frankford Creek a chain was placed across the river to impede Patriot naval attacks on the city.
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