judith henry civil war

Brig. Performance & security by Cloudflare. On Sunday, July 21, 1861, Judith Carter Henry, her daughter Ellen and Lucy Griffith, a slave girl rented from a neighbor to help care for the bedridden Judith Henry, were at what is now known as Henry House. Brief history of Sudley community Scholarship > Surrounded by the smoke and gunfire of the First Battle of Bull Run (also known as the Battle of First Manassas), the group didnt get far before Henry begged to be taken back to her home of some 35years. War & Affiliation Civil War / Confederate. At 85, She Was The First Female Civil War Casualty - ActiveRain The original wooden-framed home was built upon a fieldstone foundation, and consisted of two rooms downstairs and two rooms upstairs, with an external chimney centered on the north gable. Use Escape keyboard button or the Close button to close the carousel. The house survived the battle, but by the time this photo was taken, possibly in March 1862, it had presumably been stripped for wood and was all but gone. Parkers story has been selectively quoted by neo-Confederates to promote the idea that thousands of black Confederates fought the Union. Bull Run Battle Facts and Summary | American Battlefield Trust But by the end of the war, the properties were in a state of disrepair. Wet collodion negatives. Belonging: The Civil War's South We Never Knew - archwaypublishing.com 2014 Total War Judith Carter Henry was the granddaughter of Landon Carter, Sr., who lived in Richmond Countys Sabine Hall, and is the subject of Rhys Isaacs fascinating Landon Carters Uneasy Kingdom (2005). Neither son wasted any time in establishing themselves. You may not upload any more photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 20 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 5 photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 30 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 15 photos to this memorial. Inside the home, 84-year old Judith Henry remained bedridden, too old to work the land that had been in her family for more than a century. Continuing with this request will add an alert to the cemetery page and any new volunteers will have the opportunity to fulfill your request. Judith (Carter) Henry (abt.1777-1861) | WikiTree FREE Family Tree Do you have information about Carter? The ruins of the house were further dismantled for firewood and keepsakes from the battle. The sponsor of a memorial may add an additional. The home, now known as the Henry House, was rebuilt after the war and is now maintained by the National Park Service as part of Manassas National Battlefield Park. And lying underneath Judiths bed was Lucy Griffith, a young enslaved woman Judith had leased from owner Alexander Compton, a neighbor who served as the wartime minister of the nearby Sudley Methodist Church. Crossing the Orange & Alexandria at Manassas was also the Manassas Gap Railroad that ran west to the Shenandoah Valley. cemeteries found within miles of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. Weve updated the security on the site. I thought you might like to see a memorial for Judith Carter Henry I found on Findagrave.com. Lucy had been leased by Judith from Alexander Compton, a neighbor who served as the wartime minister of the nearby Sudley Methodist Church. The First Battle of Bull Run occupies a unique place in Civil War history as the first major battle of the conflict. Robert King Carter. James Ricketts to bombard the rebels. Now, there are quite a few of them. Stay up-to-date on our FREE educational resources & professional development opportunities, all designed to support your work teaching American history. Inside IQ & WVTF Newsletter: Win Concert Tickets. Manassas National Battlefield Map This revival didnt last long, however. Try again later. It retained its two-story, gabled structure, but by 1883, an addition was added onto the house opposite the fireplace on the north side. Back then, this piece of land was known as Spring Hill Farm, but we know it today as Henry House Hill. Family members linked to this person will appear here. View all posts by Sheritta Bitikofer. As observers from both sides noted after the battle, enslaved Southerners played a key role in performing gratuitous labor, constructing fortifications and freeing up white Southerners to serve in combat. Ellen, her daughter aged 54, lived with her at the time and her youngest son Hugh came and went to watch after them both. And she was the great-granddaughter of Robert King Carter, one of the wealthiest men in colonial Virginia, who died in 1732 owning some one thousand slaves and three hundred thousand acres of prime farmland. History of Judith Henry and Her House - Belle on the Battlefield The land was purchased from Edwin in December 1865 by Henry P. Matthew for $472. James Rickett recognized the disadvantage this house played against him during the battle. The Sudley Methodist Church and Thornberry House nearby were used as field hospitals, just as Pittsylvania was. Memorials and plaques abound across the national park. Sign up to receive the latest information on the American Battlefield Trust's efforts to blaze The Liberty Trail in South Carolina. Henrys death came as a shock to both sides, says Liz Hokanson, the education and youth programs coordinator at Manassas National Battlefield Park. It was known as the brown house by its temporary tenants for its dark-brick painted wooden structure. Judith Henry became the first civilian casualty of the Civil War, and the only civilian casualty of the first battle at Manassas Junction. Her residence, Henry House, became the focal point of the First Battle of Bull Run. Oops, we were unable to send the email. Civil War Wiki Henry House Hill Union Captain James B. Ricketts ordered his men to converge on the house, unaware that civilians remained inside. Judah Phillip Benjamin | American Battlefield Trust You are nearing the transfer limit for memorials managed by Find a Grave. Moving up Henry Hill, troops of Battery 1, First U.S. Civil War Figure. Daniel Hough of the 1st U.S. Less literally, First Bull Run proved a crossroads on the issue of whether or not the Civil War would become a crusade to end slavery. Are you adding a grave photo that will fulfill this request? Ironically enough, Alexander Compton Jr., son of the Sudley preacher whom Lucy was being leased from, had just joined Company C of the Virginia Eighth Infantry, calling themselves the Evergreen Guards (and after the battle, the Bull Run Rangers). Design a site like this with WordPress.com, was the first of her paternal line to reside within the old colony and father to. By the 1890s, they were charging admission for tourists to come and see the house and monument, as well as Judith Henrys grave which is situated on the other side of the house from the monument. Click the Changes tab for the details of contributions by Jackie and others. Drag images here or select from your computer for Judith Carter Henry memorial. Photographed In March 1862 By George N. Barnard Following The Evacuation Of Centreville And Manassas By Confederate Troops After The First Battle Of Bull Run. The aging widow surely suffered the misfortune of being in the wrong place at the wrong time. I saw the 12th New York regiment rush pell-mell out of the wood, one reporter commented. That forced Union Captain James B. Rickets to turn his artillery on the home. National Parks Death of Judith Henry Judith Carter Henry at the Crossroads - Oxford Academic It was this new hub of trade that would spell disaster for the families in the early 1860s. Two months before the First Battle of Bull Run, Henrys son Hugh Fauntleroy Henry made what would prove to be an overly optimistic prediction. Ultimately the curiosity-seekers got caught in a stampede of retreating Union troops. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. On 13 Jun 1865 the nation's first Civil War monument was dedicated by Union veterans adjacent to the house site. It was in 1822 that they purchased the land and home on Spring Hill Farm, just a mile south of her childhood home of Pittsylvania along the Young Branch of Bull Run. Inside the home, 84-year old Judith Henry remained bedridden, too old to work the land that had been in her family for more than a century. It is a popular, almost legendary, story that innumerable civilians armed with picnic baskets followed the Union Army out from Washington in July 1861 to watch what everyone thought would be the climactic battle of a short rebellion. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com, The Changing Histories of North America before Europeans, Empires of the Sun: Big History and the Southern High Plains, National Park Service historical inquiry site, Receive exclusive offers and updates from Oxford Academic, Copyright 2023 Organization of American Historians. Article About New American Civil War Museum https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Carter_John_ca_1613-1670#start_entry, Sheritta Bitikofer is a lifelong student of history with a specific interest in the Civil War era. Make sure that the file is a photo. However, in their absence Confederate snipers had taken up residence in the home and had begun firing on Northern positions. The fierce fight there forced both the North and South to face the sobering reality that the war would be long and bloody. According to a descendant, the family's last name was later changed to Hendry. The surrounding area would become known as Matthew Hill. Rate this book. (LogOut/ Prosperity came to neighboring towns like Sudley, Gainesville, and Groveton. In July 1861, Confederate troops gathered at Manassas Junction, about 30 miles southwest of Washington, D.C., to guard key railroad supply lines. A teacher by trade, he provided for his sister Ellen, his Carter cousins, and his orphaned nieces and nephews. Truxton, one of the six Captains appointed by Washington in the organization of the Navy, 1794. , Our Mother through her long life, thirty five years of which were spent at this place, was greatly loved and esteemed for her kind, gentle and Christian spirit. Ruins of Judith Henrys House Shells whistled over the Henry family from two directions. Resources > You are only allowed to leave one flower per day for any given memorial. Photographed By Roger Furr, July 21, 2011. Judith grew up on the Carter familys Pittsylvania estate, a lavish plantation tended to by as many as 150 enslaved people. Hollywood representations of Manassas have, unfortunately, perpetuated the notion that large numbers of civilians were actually under fire on the battlefield. A ten-pound shell crashed through Judiths bedroom window and tore off her foot. This large tract of land from the Middle Bull Run in northern Prince William, eastern Loudoun, and western Fairfax counties were to be divided upon their fathers death. At the time of Roberts death in 1732, he owned at least 295,000 acres of land, much of which was cared for by enslaved people. Struck by lightning in 1918, Sudley Methodist Church where Alexander Compton had preached, burned down and was rebuilt in 1922. Union Captain James Ricketts soon moved the body of cannon halfway up the slope of Henry Hill and no more than three hundred yards from the home. Judith was the son of Landon Carter II and great-granddaughter of "King" Carter, who originally owned most of the land where the battle was fought. By 1852, things were looking up again. Lucy Griffith, an enslaved teenager whom Henry had leased from a neighbor, sought refuge under the bed. Thanks for this informative piece. Click to reveal The 85-year-old woman was bed-ridden and unable to leave the house. Names . As luck would have it, the first battle of the Civil War began on the fallow fields of Judith Henry's farm on July 21st, 1861 at 5:30 am. By 1822, they were back in Prince William county. Previously sponsored memorials or famous memorials will not have this option. When the Civil War began looming on the horizon, Judith Brockenbrough McGuire (1813-1897) was the wealthy wife of a prominent citizen in Alexandria, and like many on both sides of the conflict, she believed in a speedy and perhaps even non-violent end to the conflict. One notable exception was Congressman Ely who strayed too close to Bull Run and became a prisoner of the 8th South Carolina Infantry. Should troops be passing about the neighborhood, you and mother need not fear them, as your entire helplessness, I should think, would make you safe, Hugh wrote in a May 30, 1861, letter to his sister Ellen. To make extra money, Hugh offered tours of the hill to veterans and visitors alike. According to contemporary reports, Mrs. Henry was an invalid octogenarian widow who, because of her infirmities, was unable to leave the site of the battle that took place surrounding her home along Bull Run Creek. Include gps location with grave photos where possible. Unlike her well-known husband, one of the six original captains of the navy appointed by President George Washington in 1794, Judith Henry had lived her life in private. In 1801, she married Dr. Isaac Henry, one of the U. S. Navys first surgeons. It stood near the top of a dominant hill overlooking a stream called Bull Run. Civil War Alexandria Through the Eyes of Judith Brockenbrough McGuire First Bull Run - Judith Henry's House - American Civil War Forums The Federal officer concluded that the shots came from Confederate snipers using the cover of the Henry home. At the time of the battle Henry Hill was owned by Mrs. Judith Carter Henry, an eighty-five year old widow confined to her bed. . Within moments, Henry became the first civilian casualty of the Civil War when a Union artillery shell crashed through her bedroom wall and inflicted a fatal wound. As manager of this memorial you can add or update the memorial using the Edit button below. Civil War Figure. The blacksmith shop resumed operation, and two stores were back in business just around the same time. Learn more about managing a memorial . Unbound Magic (Academy of the Elites 4) by Alexis Calder. The exact details of Henrys final hours are mired in myth and contradiction. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Organization of American Historians. In 1855 Isaac Henry died, and by 1861 eighty-five-year-old Judith was an invalid. Please complete the captcha to let us know you are a real person. The First American President: Setting the Precedent, African Americans During the Revolutionary War, Help Save 125 Battlefield Acres in Virginia, Help Restore History at Gettysburg, Cold Harbor & More, Help Us Save Hallowed Ground in Tennessee and Kentucky, Help Save 820 Acres at Five Virginia Battlefields, Save 343 Acres at FIVE Battlefields in FOUR Western Theater States, Save 42 Historic Acres at the Battle of Chancellorsville, Support the American Battlefield Protection Program Enhancement Act, Stop the Largest Rezoning in Orange County History, The Centennial Reenactment of First Manassas, The Hidden Marker for the 7th Georgia Infantry. She is a former staff writer for the Pittsburgh Tribune-Review, The Associated Press and the Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Read. Henry died later that day and was buried in front of her home. Everything on WikiTree is a collaborative work-in-progress. Among the notables in this crowd were senators Ben Wade of Ohio, Henry Wilson of Massachusetts, Jim Lane of Kansas, Lafayette Foster of Connecticut, congressmen Alfred Ely of New York and Elihu Washburne of Illinois, as well as soon-to-be-legendary photographer Mathew Brady. based on information from your browser. Remove advertising from a memorial by sponsoring it for just $5. The Depression of 1893 forced the hotel to close and it burned in the early 1900s. Its presumed that on July 21st, Hugh was with one of these students. In the early 1800s, Judith met a man by the name of Isaac Henry and married him in Loudoun county. Solved Question 8 2 pts First civilian casualty in the civil - Chegg By the end of the day, and five thousand casualties later, with Union troops streaming back to Washington, D.C. in a disorganized retreat, it was clear that America would walk a long, bloody road before resolving the sectional conflict that had exploded at Fort Sumter that April. As the battle raged between Gen. Irwin McDowells Union troops and Confederate soldiers under the command of Gen. P. G. T. Beauregard and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, Confederate forces retreated to Henry House Hill around noon and Confederate snipers took up positions in the Henry house. This account has been disabled. To use this feature, use a newer browser. But Parker himself demolished this argument when he recalled that we only fought because we had to. For full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide, This PDF is available to Subscribers Only. Edwin Carter He held a position in the Virginia House of Delegates in Richmond from 1810 to 1812. All that remains today is a brick-enclosed cemetery with grave markers dedicated to Edwin, Virginia (Edwins sister), Isaac Henry, and Landon Carter Jr. Further north along Sudley Springs, the land that the Carter family had invested in almost a century ago did not escape the poisonous touch of war. Also in the house was a hired colored hand by the name of Lucy Griffith. Throughout the remainder of the afternoon the critically injured widow, her wounded servant, her shell-shocked daughter and the two helpless sons sought to console one another as the battle intensified and the home was slowly shot to pieces. #1 The First Battle of Bull Run or First Manassas occurred July 21, 1861. Judith Henry was killed by a Union cannon shell meant for the snipers who were using her house. One of its worst aspects is that the innocent so often suffer as much as the guilty. She was captured by the Union Army in February 1865 near Richmond, Virginia. Landon Carter All that could be seen of the battle from Centreville was gunsmoke rising above the distant treetops. Henry defended a slave in court, but years later he fought for the Confederacy. Family matriarch Judith Henry was killed, the only civilian casualty of the battle. Judith Carter Henry was the first civilian casualty of the Civil War Confederate forces demolished the remains of the home in 1862 and used the lumber to build camp cabins. Seven years after they purchased their home, Isaac Henry passed away at the age of fifty-eight. Given to drinking, gambling, and horse races, its a wonder that a community had sprung up around Sudley Manor. On the morning of July 21st when Beauregard and McDowell began their cannonade exchange, the boom of the artillery fire would have been heard all the way to the Henry House. Everywhere she lived, the entire life and locations of Judith Henry can be interpreted from one square foot of land on the Manassas National Battlefield. We have a tendency to say here that [Bull Run] is the first major land battle, she adds. North America, Family Histories, 1500-2000, Thank you for fulfilling this photo request. Historical Homes, Women in the War History of Judith Henry and Her House. Email Us, Copyright 2023 Organization of American Historians. Still, her status as the wars first civilian casualty is undisputed. When elderly widow Judith Carter Henry learned that the Union Army was on its way to attack the Confederates gathered near her Virginia home on July 21, 1861, she was reluctant to flee to safety. The two sons attempted to move their mother to safety, by placing her on a mattress and starting toward a neighbors home. The widow Henry was upstairs in her bed being attended by servant Lucy Griffith. Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. Less than twenty years later, the house was donated to the National Parks Service, and is now visited by thousands of people each year. John and Ellens main concern was getting their mother to safety. Their first choice was to take her to Robert Lewis home, Portici, which was less than a mile south-east of Spring Hill Farm. Judith Henry Civil War - Belle on the Battlefield In an 1870 census, its recorded that Ellen, Judiths daughter, was living with them and helping to keep house. As the crow flies, the shortest route from Washington, D.C. to Richmond, the Confederate capital, was a highway that went roughly south. As you exit the visitor center, a two-story wooden structure is there to greet you atop the plateau where the Confederates and Federals fought in the summer of 1861. Wikipedia Henry House Hill Colonel Landon Carter The property was mostly open country dotted here and there by cedars and pines. According to Landon Sr.s diary, the master of Sudley house was a constant source of displeasure to his father and embarrassment to the family. Which memorial do you think is a duplicate of Judith Henry (6913653)? She was to spend the rest of her life at Spring Hill. For the majority of their marriage, they lived close to her home county. Ricketts quickly turned his guns and fired into the dwelling. This added a room downstairs, upstairs, and a cellar. Despite intensifying musketry and artillery fire in that direction, discontent with the view combined with encouraging news from the front emboldened a handful of politicians and others like Russell to venture westward in search of better vantage points beyond Cub Run. In 1922, the house was permanently taken off the Henrys hands. 2012 Mobilizing for War Your Scrapbook is currently empty. Calling themselves the Evergreen Guards (and after the battle, the Bull Run Rangers), Private Compton and his fellow soldiers were fighting on their home turf. A system error has occurred. Ellen took refuge in the fireplace on the first floor and was said to have suffered some hearing loss due to the deafening roar of the cannons. Her great-great-grandfather, John Carter, was the first of her paternal line to reside within the old colony and father to Robert King Carter. Around 4 p.m., they struck a sharp blow against the Union troops, who fled for their lives in a humiliating defeat. Copyright20062023,Somerightsreserved. Ellen suffered hearing loss, and Lucy hurt her heel. Bloomington, Indiana 47408-4141 Her daughter, Ellen, who had hidden in a fireplace chimney was left deaf by the sound the shell made as it hit. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This blog was created to share my many Civil War Battlefield travels, as well as talk about the subjects of the war from a fresh and enlightening perspective. The battle began on a nearby hill and the Henry group evacuated to a nearby spring house, thinking it safer, but Judith begged to be taken back to her own bed.
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